什麼是法蘭西斯一世

Francis I

法語作Fran?ois

法國國王（1515～1547年在位）。路易十二世的堂弟與女婿。1515年繼承王位。加冕後匆匆進軍義大利。收復了米蘭公國。他是文藝復興時期的藝術與學術提倡者，人文主義者，具有騎士風度的國王。經常到全國各地遊歷。在旅途中他大批釋放罪犯，制止貴族濫用司法權，併為當地人民舉行運動會，並發表演說。1519年當查理五世在選舉中贏得德意志國王王位後，這一切都畫上句點。已經是西班牙國王的查理五世，其領土包圍著法國。法蘭西斯一世在金縷地尋求與亨利八世結盟，未成。隨後，自1521年向查理五世發動一系列戰爭。1525年法蘭西斯一世被俘，在獄中受折磨。他拒絕接受查理五世的過當要求。1526年法國大使締結了條約，法蘭西斯一世獲釋。1536年法蘭西斯一世對查理五世重新開戰，並與土耳其人結成反對查理的同盟。

1494～1547年

Francis I

King of France (1515-47). The cousin and son-in-law of louis XII, Francis succeeded to the throne in 1515. Soon after his coronation he rode off to the Italian Wars (1515-16) and recovered the Duchy of Milan. He was a Renaissance patron of the arts, a humanist, and a popular king who traveled throughout France, curtailing abuses by nobles and providing games and processions for the people. All this ended with the election in 1519 of Charles V as emperor. Charles was already king of Spain, and his lands now encircled France. Francis vainly sought an alliance with Henry VIII on the Field of Cloth of Gold, then waged a series of wars with Charles from 1521. Francis was taken captive in 1525 and languished in prison, refusing to accede to Charles's exorbitant demands, until in 1526 the French ambassadors concluded a treaty. The war with Charles resumed in 1536, and one of Francis's last diplomatic achievements was an alliance with the Turks against the emperor.