什麼是狄奧多西一世

Theodosius I

別名狄奧多西大帝（Theodosius the Great）

全名Flavius Theodosius

東羅馬帝國皇帝（379～392）和東西羅馬帝國皇帝（392～395）。出生於西班牙基督教信徒家庭，後隨父從軍，其父當時是一名將軍。後在與薩爾馬特人作戰中戰功顯赫，遂被皇帝格拉提安任命為共治皇帝，統治羅馬帝國東部地區（379）。狄奧多西一世對真正的基督教教義舉行討論，後決定採用尼西亞信經作為基督教教義的標準（380）。387年，狄奧多西一世還與西哥德人簽署了一項協定。同年，西班牙人馬克西穆斯推翻羅馬帝國西部地區的新帝，馬克西穆斯後被狄奧多西一世打敗（388），此後狄奧多西一世在整個羅馬帝國擁有了至高無上的權力（392）。狄奧多西一世與聖安布羅斯曾就教會在帝國事務中的作用問題展開辯論，不同意教會擁有政治權力。392年由阿波加斯特和尤吉尼厄斯發起的提倡異教運動在羅馬影響日益擴大，後被狄奧多西一世鎮壓（394），狄奧多西一世宣稱，這是基督教的神戰勝了異教的神。

347～395年

Theodosius I

Roman emperor of the East (379-92) and of East and West (392-95). Born in Spain of Christian parents, he served in the military under his father, a general. He distinguished himself against the Sarmatians and was proclaimed coemperor by Gratian to rule in the eastern empire (379). To settle the contentious debate over true Christianity, he adopted the Nicene Creed as the Christian norm (380). He reached a treaty with the Visigoths (382). When the Spanish general Maximus overthrew the new coemperor in the western empire (387), Theodosius defeated the usurper (388) and claimed supreme authority over the whole empire (392). He argued with St. Ambrose over the role of the church in imperial affairs, but did not grant power to the church. In 392 forces advocating paganism led by Arbogast and Eugenius took power in Rome. In 394 Theodosius defeated them, and claimed the Christian God victorious over the pagan gods.