from to的用法

from…to…類結構的用法
1. 主要意思
(1) 表示“從……至……”“從……到……”.如：
How far is it from your office to the bank? 從你辦公室到銀行有多遠?
We are removing from London to the country. 我們正從倫敦遷往鄉下.
I want a rope that will go from the top window to the ground. 我要一條繩,其長度能自最上一扇窗戶垂到地面.
(2) 表示“由……變成……”“將……改為……”.如：
He has moved from acting to film production. 他由演員變成了製片人.
She’s been downgraded from principal to deputy. 她已從校長降為副校長.
He swings from wild optimism to total despair. 他由極其樂觀一變而為完全絕望.
The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory. 這房間由廚房改成了廁所.
(3) 表示“從一個……到另一個……”“一個……一個地”“逐個……”“挨個……”.如：
These people go from house to house selling goods. 這些人挨家挨戶兜售貨物.
The ape swung along from branch to branch. 那隻猿猴從一根樹枝湯到另一根樹枝上.
He went from village to village, seeking for work. 他從一個村子到另一個村子,找尋工作.
I like to hop from channel to channel when I watch TV. 我看電視時喜歡不斷地換頻道.
Migrant workers move from country to country in search of work. 流動工人從一國遷到另一國找尋工作.
The smaller animals can easily leap from tree to tree. 身體較小的動物可以在樹叢間輕巧地跳來跳去.
Computer viruses replicate themselves and are passed along from user to user. 計算機病毒可以自我複製,然後由使用者傳給使用者.

2. 主要句法功能
(1) 用作表語
Lunch is from eleven to two. 從十一點到兩點開午飯.
Office hours are from 9 am to 5 pm. 辦公時間從上午9點到下午5點.
The price range is from $100 to $500. 價格在100美元至500美元之間不等.
In Britain the long vacation is from June to October. 在英國,長的假期是從六月到十月.
The annual range of temperature is from –10℃ to 40℃. 全年的溫度較差為零下10度至40度.
(2) 用作狀語
She went straight from school to university. 她中學一畢業就馬上進了大學.
Salaries are from 10% to 50% higher than in Britain. 薪金比在英國高10%到15%.
The World Cup Final was beamed live from Britain to Japan. 世界盃決賽從英國向日本作了實況轉播.
I work from Tuesday to Saturday, and Sunday and Monday are my days off. 我從星期二到星期六工作,星期日和星期一休息.
(3) 用作定語
通常用於名詞後作定語.如：
The transition from boyhood to manhood can be a confusing period. 從少年時期向成年時期的轉變常是令人困惑的時期.
但有時from…to…結構用於名詞前起修飾作用,此時通常可視為from…後（也就介詞to之前）省略了一個名詞.如：
Norway jumped from ninth to third place. 挪威從第9位躍升至第3位.（可視為ninth的後面省略了place）
Water passes from a liquid to a solid state when it freezes. 水結冰是由液態變為固態.（可視為liquid的後面省略了state）
Could you cut your essay from 10,000 to 5,000 words? 請把你的那篇文章從10,000字刪減到5,000字行嗎?（可視為10,000的後面省略了words）

3. 連用名詞時是否用冠詞
當from…to…用於連線兩個名詞時,有時名詞前需帶有冠詞,有時不用,情形比較複雜,大致遵循的原則如下：
(1) 若所搭配的名詞意思比較具體,是在談論特定場合的具體人或事物,則通常要用冠詞.如：
The book fell from the table to the floor. 書從桌上掉到地板上.
The scene cuts from the shop to the street. 鏡頭從商店轉換到街道.
A bus transported us from the airport to the city. 一輛公共汽車把我們從機場送到市區.
(2) 若所搭配的名詞意思比較抽象,只是在談論一般概念或一般規律等,則不用冠詞.比較：
This skill wasn’t handed down from the father to the son. 這項技術並沒有從父親傳給兒子.
These skills used to be handed down from father to son. 這些技術以往都是父子相傳.
It is not far from the house he lived in to the house I lived in. 從他居住的房子到我居住的房子並不遠.
She went from house to house asking if anyone had seen the child. 她一家家去問是否有人見過這個小孩子.
(3) 但有時用不用冠詞,與說話人的側重點有關.比較並體會：
Then we transferredfrom a bus to a tram. 然後我們從公共汽車換成電車.
This is where we change from car to bus. 這就是我們從小汽車換乘公共汽車的地方.
(4) 在由from…to…構成的習語中,名詞前通常是不用冠詞的（見後面有關習語的用法歸納）.如：
He works from dawn till dusk. 他從天亮工作到天黑.
From time to time I still think of her. 我仍然不時地想起她.
He knows the subject from beginning to end. 這個專題他了如指掌.
The children were covered in mud from head to toe. 孩子們全身沾滿了汙泥.
She went from house to house asking if anyone had seen the child. 她一家家去問是否有人見過這個小孩子.
但也有些習語,用不用冠詞均可以,如from (the) cradle to (the) grave（一輩子,從生到死）.如：
From (the) cradle to (the) grave, the car marks every rite of American passage. 在美國人的一生中,每一個重要階段都有汽車的影子.

4. 關於與動名詞的搭配
from…to…結構除通常與名詞、代詞、數詞等搭配外,有時還可與動名詞搭配.如：
He made a switch from publishing to teaching. 他由出版工作改做教學工作.
We are trying to shift the emphasis from curing illness to preventing it. 我們正在努力把工作重點從治療疾病轉為預防疾病.
He’s changed from being cynical about politics to being very interested in it. 他改變了對政治懷悲觀的態度,而對其頗感興趣.
注意,以下句子中的from…to…結構中,to為不定式符號,用於構成不定式表示結果或目的等.如：
She rose from her seat to protest. 她從座位上站起來提出抗議.
He rose from the ranks to become an officer. 他由士兵升為軍官.
He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. 他從橋上跳入水中去搶救那溺水兒童.
People came from far and near to hear the famous violinist. 人們從四面八方趕來聽這位著名小提琴家的演奏.