什麼是黑人劇場

美國戲劇運動，以黑人作家為黑人寫作有關黑人生活的戲劇為其宗旨。第一部由美國黑人寫的著名戲劇是詹姆斯.布朗（James Brown）寫的《金恩.蕭特韋》（1823）。美國南北戰爭後，黑人開始在黑臉歌舞秀中表演，至20世紀初，已有整個由黑人編寫、製作和表演的音樂劇。第一個黑人劇作家的真正成功之作是格里姆凱（Angelina W. Grimke）的《麗秋》（1916）。黑人劇場是在1920年代和1930年代「哈林文藝復興」時期興盛起來的，1940年美國黑人劇院（American Negro Theater）和黑人劇作家公司（Negro Playwrights' Co.）穩固地建立起來。第二次世界大戰後，黑人劇場逐漸取得更大進步，也更為激進，他們試圖創立自己的神話，廢除種族陳規，讓黑人劇作家匯入主流。1965年黑人劇場最強的支持者巴拉卡建立了黑人藝術戲目劇院（Black Arts Repertory Theatre）。1980年代和1990年代富勒（Charles Fuller）和威爾遜均獲得普立茲獎。

black theater

In the U.S., a dramatic movement encompassing plays written by, for, and about blacks. The first known play by an American black was James Brown's King Shotaway (1823). After the Civil War, blacks began to perform in minstrel shows, and musicals written, produced, and acted entirely by blacks appeared by c. 1900. The first real success of a black dramatist was Angelina W. Grimké's Rachel (1916). Theater flourished during the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and '30s, and by 1940 the American Negro Theater and the Negro Playwrights' Co. were firmly established. After World War II black theater grew more progressive and militant, seeking to establish its own mythology, abolish racial stereotypes, and integrate black playwrights into the mainstream. Its strongest proponent, Amiri Baraka, established the Black Arts Repertory Theatre in 1965. In the 1980s and '90s Charles Fuller and August Wilson won Pulitzer Prizes.