什麼是裡韋拉

Rivera, Diego

墨西哥壁畫家。在墨西哥城和西班牙學習後，1909～1919年定居巴黎。曾擁護立體主義，但很快就在1917年左右放棄了它，轉而尋求簡單形體的視覺語言和更大膽的色塊運用。1921年返回墨西哥後，他希望在墨西哥革命的覺醒基礎上建立一種以改革為主題的藝術。他創作了很多公共壁畫，其中最著名的是國家宮殿的壁畫（1929～1957）。1930～1934年他在美國工作。他為紐約洛克斐勒中心創作的壁畫激起很多爭議，最終因帶有列寧的形象而被毀。後來曾在墨西哥城的藝術宮重製該畫。他與奧羅茲科和西凱羅斯一起創作了壁畫的復興圖，成為墨西哥對20世紀藝術最重要的貢獻。他的大幅教育性壁畫包括了墨西哥歷史、文化和工業的場景，其中表現了印第安人、農夫、征服者和工廠工人，他們都作為人群和狹小空間中的人物出現。裡韋拉在1929年與卡洛結婚，婚姻關係一直維持到1954年。

1886～1957年

Rivera, Diego

Mexican muralist. After study in Mexico City and Spain, he settled in Paris from 1909 to 1919. He briefly espoused Cubism but abandoned it c. 1917 for a visual language of simplified forms and bold areas of color. Returning to Mexico in 1921, he sought to create a new national art on revolutionary themes in the wake of the Mexican Revolution. He painted many public murals, the most ambitious of which is in the National Palace (1929-57). From 1930 to 1934 he worked in the U.S. His mural for New York's Rockefeller Center aroused a storm of controversy and was ultimately destroyed because it contained the figure of Vladimir Ilich Lenin; he later reproduced it at the Palace of Fine Arts in Mexico City. With Jose Clemente Orozco and David A. Siqueiros, he created a revival of fresco painting that became Mexico's most significant contribution to 20th-century art. His large-scale, didactic murals contain scenes of Mexican history, culture, and industry, with Indians, peasants, conquistadores, and factory workers drawn as simplified figures in crowded, shallow spaces. Rivera was married to Frida Kahlo almost uninterruptedly from 1929 to 1954.