什麼是畢達哥拉斯

Pythagoras

希臘哲學家和數學家。據說出生於薩摩斯島，後來定居於科羅敦（義大利南部）。在科羅敦他建立了一個教團，擁有一大批堅持他所描繪的生活方式的追隨者。他的哲學學派將所有的意義都歸結於數字關係，並且認為所有現存的物體根本上說都是由形式而非物質實體組成。畢達哥拉斯主義的原則包括相信永生、靈魂的重生以及節慾和禁慾的解放力量。該主義影響了柏拉圖和亞里斯多德的思想，促進了數學和西方理性哲學的發展。畢達哥拉斯最先研究了音樂的音程與音階之間的比例關係。他還是第一位影響深遠的西方素食主義者。他的著作都沒有儲存下來，而且很難區分是他自己的思想和來自他學生的想法。畢氏定理使人們對他還保有部分的記憶，該定理可能是在他死後由他的學派發展而來的。

前580年～西元前500?年

Pythagoras

Greek philosopher and mathematician. Probably born in Samos, he settled in Croton (S Italy), where he established a community of followers who adhered to a way of life he prescribed. His school of philosophy reduced all meaning to numerical relationships and proposed that all existing objects are fundamentally composed of form and not material substance. The principles of Pythagoreanism, including belief in the immortality and reincarnation of the soul and in the liberating power of abstinence and asceticism, influenced the thought of Plato and Aristotle and contributed to the development of mathematics and Western rational philosophy. The proportions of musical intervals and scales were first studied by Pythagoras, and he was the first influential Western practitioner of vegetarianism. None of his writings survive, and it is difficult to distinguish the ideas he originated from those of his disciples. His memory is kept alive partly by the Pythagorean theorem, probably developed by his school after he died.